{"id":12961,"date":"2022-10-26T14:29:28","date_gmt":"2022-10-26T11:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/?p=12961"},"modified":"2022-10-10T00:30:31","modified_gmt":"2022-10-09T21:30:31","slug":"devlet-hastanelerinde-malpraktis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/en\/devlet-hastanelerinde-malpraktis\/","title":{"rendered":"Devlet Hastanelerinde Malpraktis"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131, Anayasa ve \u00e7e\u015fitli uluslararas\u0131 belgelerde<\/b> <\/b>korunmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerden olan sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131n\u0131n hukuktaki inceleme alan\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k hukukudur. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hukukunun inceleme alan\u0131 en geni\u015f alt dal\u0131 t\u0131p hukukudur. \u0130ki hukuk dal\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse sa\u011fl\u0131k hukukunun inceleme alan\u0131 birey sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik her t\u00fcrl\u00fc etkile\u015fim iken t\u0131p hukuku bunun t\u0131bbi boyutta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen m\u00fcdahalelerini incelemektedir.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

T\u0131p hukuku, t\u0131bbi uygulamalar\u0131 istisnalar hari\u00e7 olmak yaln\u0131zca yetkili ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtmektedir. T\u00fcrk Hukuku\u2019nda t\u0131bbi uygulamalar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca yetkili ki\u015filerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fi 6023 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Tabipler Birli\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nda d\u00fczenlenmektedir. T\u0131bbi uygulamay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye yetkili ki\u015filer, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti temel ilkelerine uygun hareket etmelidirler. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti\u2019nin niteliklerinden Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde belirtilen sosyal devlet ilkesi idareye sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetini sunmada pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck y\u00fcklemektedir. \u0130lgili madde do\u011frultusunda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetinin sunulmas\u0131nda ana ak\u0131m idarenin sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sunmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130darenin sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sunmas\u0131 genel manada bir kamu hizmetidir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130dare, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetinin yerine getirirken kamu hizmetlerinde ortak olan ilkeler do\u011frultusunda hareket etme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu ilkeler k\u0131saca s\u00fcreklilik-d\u00fczenlilik, uyarlama, e\u015fitlik ve meccaniliktir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130nceleme konumuz olan malpraktis, s\u00fcreklilik-d\u00fczenlilik ve uyarlama ilkelerine\u00a0 <\/span>ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu ilkeleri a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse; s\u00fcreklilik, zaman bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u00fcreklilik ve nitelik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u00fcreklilik olmak \u00fczere iki k\u0131s\u0131mdan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan zaman bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u00fcreklilik, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetinin kesintisiz olmas\u0131, ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan her an ula\u015f\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 iken; nitelik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u00fcreklilik, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetinin kaliteli sunulmas\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetinin sunan personelin, t\u0131bbi arac\u0131n vb. unsurlar\u0131n mevcudiyetidir. Uyarlama ise kamu hizmetinin \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f t\u0131bbi uygulamalara uygun y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesidir.<\/p>\n

Malpraktisi tan\u0131mlamam\u0131z gerekirse, herhangi bir meslek grubunda bulunan ki\u015finin mesleki faaliyetlerini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi hatal\u0131 uygulamad\u0131r. Hatal\u0131 uygulamalar esasen yukar\u0131da belirtilen kamu hizmeti ilkelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131ktan do\u011fmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Tabipler Birli\u011fi Meslek Eti\u011fi Kurallar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde t\u0131bbi malpraktis, \u201cbilgisizlik, deneyimsizlik ya da ilgisizlik nedeniyle bir hastan\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesi, hekimlig\u0306in k\u00f6t\u00fc uygulamas\u0131” olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Malpraktis, hekimler taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilece\u011fi gibi hekim yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 ve di\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131k g\u00f6revlileri taraf\u0131ndan da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Malpraktisin devlet hastanelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durumlarda, sunulan sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti bir kamu hizmeti oldu\u011fundan bahisle idarenin sorumlulu\u011fu kusuruna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Hizmet kusuru idare hukuku \u00f6\u011fretisinde belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere kamu hizmetinin k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015flemesi, ge\u00e7 i\u015flemesi veya hi\u00e7 i\u015flememesinden do\u011fmaktad\u0131r. Burada idarenin haks\u0131z fiilinden bahsetmek gerekecektir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Devlet Hastanelerindeki Malpraktise Kar\u015f\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131labilecek Davalar<\/b><\/h3>\n

1- \u0130dari Yarg\u0131da \u0130dareye Kar\u015f\u0131 Tam Yarg\u0131 Davas\u0131:<\/b><\/p>\n

Tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 2577 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130dari Yarg\u0131lama Usul\u00fc Kanunu\u2019nun 2. maddesine g\u00f6re \u201cidari eylem ve is\u0327lemlerden dolay\u0131 kis\u0327isel haklar\u0131 dog\u0306rudan muhtel olanlar taraf\u0131ndan\u201d a\u00e7\u0131labilecektir. Malpraktisten do\u011fan zararlar\u0131n tazmini i\u00e7in idari yarg\u0131da tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Burada dikkat edilmesi gereken husus, s\u00f6z konusu davan\u0131n malpraktisin do\u011fumuna sebep olan kamu g\u00f6revlisine kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil de onun kamu hizmetini y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc idareye kar\u015f\u0131 dava a\u00e7mal\u0131d\u0131r. Buna dayanak olan Anayasa madde 40\/2\u2019de \u201ckis\u0327inin, Resm\u00ee g\u00f6revliler taraf\u0131ndan vaki haks\u0131z is\u0327lemler sonucu ug\u0306rad\u0131g\u0306\u0131 zarar da, kanuna g\u00f6re, Devlet\u00e7e tazmin edilir. Devletin sorumlu olan ilgili g\u00f6revliye r\u00fccu hakk\u0131 sakl\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d \u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131tay bu hususa ili\u015fkin verdi\u011fi bir kararda \u201cKamu g\u00f6revlilerinin yetkilerini kullan\u0131rken veya g\u00f6revlerini yaparken ki\u015filere zarar vermesi ilgili kamu kurumunun hizmet kusurunu olu\u015fturur. Bu durumda sorumlu, kamu g\u00f6revlisinin emrinde<\/i> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta oldu\u011fu kamu kurumu olup dava o kurum aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d\u00a0 <\/span><\/i>\u015feklinde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurmu\u015ftur. Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n bu karar\u0131 kanaatimce yerindedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc malpraktisin do\u011fumuna sebep olan ki\u015fi kamu g\u00f6revlisidir ve idare s\u00f6z konusu fiilden do\u011fan zarar\u0131, kamu g\u00f6revlisine g\u00f6re maddi olarak daha kolay giderebilecektir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130dareye kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lacak tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 sonucunda, idare zarar\u0131 tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutulmu\u015f ise zarar\u0131 tazmin eden idare adli yarg\u0131da kamu g\u00f6revlisine a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 r\u00fccuen tazminat davas\u0131 ile bunu\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

gidermektedir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

a) \u0130dari Yarg\u0131da A\u00e7\u0131lacak Tam Yarg\u0131 Davalar\u0131nda G\u00f6revli ve Yetkili Mahkeme<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u00f6revli mahkeme idare mahkemesidir. Yetkili mahkeme ise \u0130dari Yarg\u0131ma Usul\u00fc Kanunu\u2019nun 36. maddesine g\u00f6re;\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI\u0307dari s\u00f6zles\u0327melerden dog\u0306anlar d\u0131s\u0327\u0131nda kalan tam yarg\u0131 davalar\u0131nda yetkili mahkeme, s\u0131ras\u0131yla:<\/p>\n

a) Zarar\u0131 dog\u0306uran idari uyus\u0327mazl\u0131g\u0306\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeye yetkili\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

b) Zarar, bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k ve ulas\u0327t\u0131rma gibi bir hizmetten veya idarenin herhangi bir eylemin- den dog\u0306mus\u0327 ise, hizmetin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcg\u0306\u00fc veya eylemin yap\u0131ld\u0131g\u0306\u0131 yer,<\/p>\n

c) Dig\u0306er hallerde davac\u0131n\u0131n ikametgah\u0131n\u0131n bulundug\u0306u yer.<\/p>\n

I\u0307dari mahkemesidir.\u201d<\/p>\n

b) Dava Zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131, idarenin i\u015flem, eylem veya ihmali sebebiyle zarara u\u011frayan ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Malpraktis, genellikle idarenin eyleminden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130darenin eylemine kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lacak tam yarg\u0131 davalar\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikle idareye ba\u015fvuru yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.\u00a0 <\/span>S\u00f6z konusu ba\u015fvuru ki\u015fide meydana gelen zarar\u0131n idareden tazminine y\u00f6neliktir. Bu ba\u015fvurunun \u0130YUK md. 13\u2019e g\u00f6re zarar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendikleri tarihten itibaren bir y\u0131l<\/b> i\u00e7inde her halde eylem tarihinden itibaren be\u015f y\u0131l <\/b>i\u00e7erisinde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fvuru \u00fczerine idareden gelecek k\u0131sm\u00ee veya tam red karar\u0131n\u0131n tebli\u011f edildi\u011fi g\u00fcnden itibaren veya ba\u015fvuruya 30 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde cevap verilmedi\u011fi takdirde bu s\u00fcrenin bitti\u011fi tarihten itibaren dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Bu zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ise \u0130YUK md. 7\u2019de belirtilen genel zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresidir. \u0130dare mahkemelerinde bu s\u00fcre 60 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

2- E\u011fer ki Ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Fiil Kamu Hizmeti ile A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a Ba\u011fda\u015fmayacak Nitelikte ise Fiili Ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirene Kar\u015f\u0131 Adli Yarg\u0131da Tazminat Davas\u0131\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130dare hukukunda kamu g\u00f6revlisinin kamu hizmetini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi s\u0131rada kamu g\u00f6revi ile a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ba\u011fda\u015fmayan eylemleri ile zarara sebep olmas\u0131 fiili yol olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Fiili yolun olu\u015ftu\u011fu durumlarda zarara u\u011frayan ki\u015fi s\u00f6z konusu zarar\u0131n tazmini i\u00e7in do\u011frudan kamu g\u00f6revlisine kar\u015f\u0131 adli yarg\u0131da tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilecektir. Burada dikkat edilmesi gereken husus kamu g\u00f6revlisinin g\u00f6revden ayr\u0131lan ki\u015fisel bir kusurunun olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. Bunun tespitindeki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen eylemin idari niteli\u011fini kaybettirecek boyutta olmas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu durumlarda s\u00f6z konusu zararlar\u0131n tazmini i\u00e7in adli yarg\u0131da maddi ve manevi tazminat davalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilmektedir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

a) Adli Yarg\u0131da A\u00e7\u0131lacak Tazminat Davalar\u0131nda Yetkili ve G\u00f6revli Mahkeme<\/b><\/p>\n

6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun 16. maddesi uyar\u0131nca \u201cHaks\u0131z fiilden dog\u0306an davalarda, haks\u0131z fiilin is\u0327lendig\u0306i veya zarar\u0131n meydana geldig\u0306i yahut gelme ihtimalinin bulundug\u0306u yer ya da zarar g\u00f6renin yerles\u0327im yeri mahkemesi de yetkilidir.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00f6revli mahkeme ise Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesidir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

b) Dava Zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu fiillerde dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda haks\u0131z fiil zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 esas al\u0131nacakt\u0131r. 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 72. maddesinde ma\u011fdurun zarar\u0131 ve tazminat sorumlusunu \u00f6\u011frenmesinden itibaren i\u015flemeye ba\u015flayacak iki y\u0131ll\u0131k<\/b> ve her h\u00e2lde haks\u0131z fiilin meydana geldi\u011fi tarihten itibaren i\u015flemeye ba\u015flayacak on y\u0131ll\u0131k<\/b> zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Blog sayfas\u0131nda yer alan hukuk ve di\u011fer konulardaki yaz\u0131lar <\/b>ilk sizin e-postan\u0131za gelsin isterseniz \u00c7itil Haber B\u00fclteni’ne abone olun!
\n<\/b><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.ttb.org.tr\/<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.anayasa.gov.tr\/tr\/anasayfa\/<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/khgm.saglik.gov.tr\/<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

EM\u0130N ANBAR<\/b><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131, Anayasa ve \u00e7e\u015fitli uluslararas\u0131 belgelerde korunmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerden olan sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131n\u0131n hukuktaki inceleme alan\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k hukukudur. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hukukunun inceleme alan\u0131 en geni\u015f alt dal\u0131 t\u0131p hukukudur. \u0130ki hukuk dal\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse sa\u011fl\u0131k hukukunun inceleme alan\u0131 birey sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik her t\u00fcrl\u00fc etkile\u015fim iken t\u0131p hukuku bunun t\u0131bbi boyutta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12962,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[95],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nDevlet Hastanelerinde Malpraktis - \u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/en\/devlet-hastanelerinde-malpraktis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Devlet Hastanelerinde Malpraktis - \u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131, Anayasa ve \u00e7e\u015fitli uluslararas\u0131 belgelerde korunmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerden olan sa\u011fl\u0131k hakk\u0131n\u0131n hukuktaki inceleme alan\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k hukukudur. 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