{"id":13854,"date":"2023-03-21T12:05:48","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T09:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/?p=13854"},"modified":"2023-03-21T12:08:15","modified_gmt":"2023-03-21T09:08:15","slug":"ekolojik-anayasa-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/en\/ekolojik-anayasa-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Ekolojik Anayasa Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

1970\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren \u00e7evre korumaya ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015famaya dair h\u00fck\u00fcmler anayasalarda yer almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda ise do\u011fan\u0131n, hak \u00f6znesi olup olamayaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ekolojik anayasa<\/em> kavram\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peki y\u00fczy\u0131llardan beri, birey, toplum ve devlet ili\u015fkilerini konu edinen anayasalar, insan\u0131n do\u011fayla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 konu edinebilecek midir?<\/p>\n

Anayasalarda \u00c7evre H\u00fck\u00fcmleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anayasa; bir devletin y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imini belirten, yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme, yarg\u0131lama g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren, yurtta\u015flar\u0131n kamu haklar\u0131n\u0131 bildiren temel yasa<\/em> olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnyadaki ekolojik tahribat ve k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk ad\u0131mlar, 1970\u2019li y\u0131llarda anayasalarda \u00e7evre h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine yer verilerek at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2000\u2019li y\u0131llara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ise anayasalar\u0131n %68\u2019inde \u00e7evre h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise \u00e7evre korumac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, anayasan\u0131n 56.maddesinde \u201cSa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir \u00f6dev olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olup anayasam\u0131zda \u00e7evre hakk\u0131na<\/em> \u00f6zg\u00fc bir d\u00fczenleme bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak \u00f6\u011fretide, \u00e7evre hakk\u0131n\u0131n hukuki a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi geli\u015fim, ekolojik anayasa giri\u015fimleri ve \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 boyut g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda, \u00e7evre hakk\u0131n\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir maddede d\u00fczenlenmesi gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc hakimdir.<\/p>\n

Ekolojik Anayasa Nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anayasalar\u0131n birey, toplum ve devlet olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6znesi oldu\u011fundan yukar\u0131da bahsetmi\u015ftik. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00f6zellikle Latin Amerika \u00fclkelerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ekolojik anayasalar ise bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda do\u011fay\u0131 da d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc bir \u00f6zne olarak kabul etmektedir. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle ekolojik anayasalar, ekolojik haklar konusunda do\u011fay\u0131 hak sahibi olarak nitelendirmektedir. Ekolojik anayasan\u0131n ilk \u00f6rnekleri ise 2008\u2019de kabul edilen Ekvador ve 2009\u2019da kabul edilen Bolivya anayasalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fan\u0131n Haklar\u0131 Olabilir mi? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekolojik anayasan\u0131n temelini, do\u011fan\u0131n hak \u00f6znesi olarak kabul edilmesi olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Yasal haklara sahip olman\u0131n ise \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fart\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendi ad\u0131na dava a\u00e7ma imkan\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131,<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Bir davada mahkemenin bu varl\u0131\u011fa y\u00f6nelik bir zarar olabilece\u011fi fikri<\/em>,<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. Tazminat durumunda bu varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bizzat yararlanabilmesidir<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Christopher D. Stone<\/em>, do\u011fal varl\u0131klar\u0131n, yasal haklara sahip olman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in hak \u00f6znesi olarak kabul edilmediklerini, fakat bu sistemin de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00f6nermesini \u201c\u015firketler, devletler veya \u00fcniversiteler de kendi adlar\u0131na hukuki giri\u015fimlerde bulunamazlar ama avukatlar onlar ad\u0131na savunma yapabilmektedirler.\u201d <\/em>\u00f6rne\u011fiyle desteklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Ancak kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re, do\u011fan\u0131n bir hak \u00f6znesi olarak kabul edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011fa kendisini savunamaz ve hak talep edemez.<\/p>\n

    D\u00fcnyadaki ekolojik tahribat\u0131n ve k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, do\u011fan\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve korunmas\u0131, baz\u0131 kesimler taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcrken kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler genelde bu haklar\u0131n anayasada nas\u0131l yer alaca\u011f\u0131 ve kimler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede ekolojik anayasa tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

    \u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Blog sayfas\u0131nda yer alan hukuk ve di\u011fer konulardaki yaz\u0131lar ilk sizin e-postan\u0131za gelsin isterseniz \u00c7itil Haber B\u00fclteni’ne abone olun!<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Bur\u00e7in Sena DURMAZ<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Baykan, Bar\u0131\u015f Gen\u00e7er, \u0130nsan\u0131n \u00c7evre Hakk\u0131ndan Do\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n Haklar\u0131na: Ekolojik Anayasa, Betam Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Notu 12\/132.<\/p>\n

    Stone, Christopher D., \u201cShould Trees Have Standing? \u2013 Towards Legal Rights for Natural Objects,\u201d 45 Southern California Law Review 450.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6zalp, Nihan Yanc\u0131, Bolivya Anayasas\u0131nda \u00dclkesel Haklar, YUHFD Cilt:14, Say\u0131:1, 2017.<\/p>\n

    Semiz, Yasemin, Anayasa Mahkemesinin \u00c7evre Hakk\u0131 Perspektifi, Hacettepe HFD, 4(2) 2014, 9\u201346.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    1970\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren \u00e7evre korumaya ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015famaya dair h\u00fck\u00fcmler anayasalarda yer almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda ise do\u011fan\u0131n, hak \u00f6znesi olup olamayaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ekolojik anayasa kavram\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peki y\u00fczy\u0131llardan beri, birey, toplum ve devlet ili\u015fkilerini konu edinen anayasalar, insan\u0131n do\u011fayla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 konu edinebilecek midir? Anayasalarda \u00c7evre H\u00fck\u00fcmleri Anayasa; bir devletin y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imini…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13856,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[95],"tags":[48,531,709],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 - Ekolojik Anayasa Nedir?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ekolojik anayasalar, ekolojik haklar konusunda do\u011fay\u0131 hak sahibi olarak nitelendirmektedir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/en\/ekolojik-anayasa-nedir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 - Ekolojik Anayasa Nedir?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ekolojik anayasalar, ekolojik haklar konusunda do\u011fay\u0131 hak sahibi olarak nitelendirmektedir.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/en\/ekolojik-anayasa-nedir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/wwwfacebook.com\/citillaw\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-21T09:05:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-03-21T09:08:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/CITIL-LAW-ekolojik-anayasa-1200x628px-21032023-01.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@citillaw\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@citillaw\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/ekolojik-anayasa-nedir\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/ekolojik-anayasa-nedir\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/1355d05b627ee5b20e8066268a2da484\"},\"headline\":\"Ekolojik Anayasa Nedir?\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-21T09:05:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-03-21T09:08:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/ekolojik-anayasa-nedir\/\"},\"wordCount\":671,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/en\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"avukat\",\"avukat ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\",\"ekolojik anayasa\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/ekolojik-anayasa-nedir\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/citil.av.tr\/ekolojik-anayasa-nedir\/\",\"name\":\"\u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 - 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