Patentini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bulu\u015funuz ba\u015fkalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa, izniniz olmadan kullan\u0131lan bulu\u015funuz \u00fczerinden haks\u0131z kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flan\u0131yorsa veya k\u0131saca patent hakk\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z \u00f6ncelikle patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 bilmek ve izlemeniz gereken hukuki yollar\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda patent hakk\u0131 nedir, patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 nelerdir ve patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmesi durumunda hangi dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r sorular\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131tlayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Patent Hakk\u0131 Nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n Patent<\/strong>, zaman ve yo\u011fun \u00e7aba gerektiren ara\u015ft\u0131rma geli\u015ftirme(AR-GE) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bulu\u015flar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 yani bulu\u015fun, bulu\u015f sahibi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ve ondan izinsiz kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik resmi belgeye<\/strong> denir. Patent belli bir bulu\u015f i\u00e7in al\u0131nabilece\u011fi gibi bulu\u015fun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma s\u00fcrecinde kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntem yani usul i\u00e7in de al\u0131nabilir, buna usul patenti<\/strong> denir. Patent hakk\u0131<\/strong> ise bulu\u015f sahibine belirli bir s\u00fcre icat etti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc satma, pazarlama, \u00e7o\u011faltma ve benzerlerinin \u00fcretilmesi gibi ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar tan\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca patent hakk\u0131na sahip ki\u015fi icat etti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fkalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan izinsiz kullan\u0131las\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme, durdurma ve engelleme hakk\u0131na <\/strong>sahip olur. Patentli \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bahsedildi\u011fi \u00fczere izinsiz kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, pazarlanmas\u0131 veya herhangi ticari bir faaliyete konu edilmesi gibi durumlarda patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinden bahsedilir. Bu do\u011frultuda patent sahibi ki\u015fi s\u00f6z konusu patent hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ihlal te\u015fkil eden fiillerden do\u011fan zararlar\u0131n tazminini de talep etme imk\u00e2n\u0131na sahiptir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Patent Hakk\u0131n\u0131n S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n Patent, sahibine \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli haklar verse de bu haklar\u0131n kanun kapsam\u0131nda baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00f6ncelikle patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlali olarak say\u0131lan fiiller <\/strong>\u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n -Patentle korunan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn patent sahibinin izni olmaks\u0131z\u0131n<\/strong> \u00fcretilmesi, sat\u0131lmas\u0131, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ba\u015fka bir \u015fekilde ticaret alan\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 veya bu ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in ithal edilmesi veya ticari bir ama\u00e7la elde bulundurulmas\u0131 veya patentli bir usul\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n -Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yasakl\u0131<\/strong> oldu\u011funu bilmesine ra\u011fmen usul\u00fcn izinsiz<\/strong> olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkalar\u0131na teklif edilmesi<\/p>\n -Patentli usul ile do\u011frudan elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn patent sahibinin izni olmaks\u0131z\u0131n<\/strong> \u00fcretilmesi, sat\u0131lmas\u0131, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 veya ba\u015fka bir \u015fekilde ticaret alan\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 veya bu ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in ithal edilmesi veya ticari bir ama\u00e7la elde bulundurulmas\u0131 hususlar\u0131 patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlali kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilir. <\/strong><\/p>\n Patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan yani patent hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal say\u0131lmayan fiiller ise;<\/strong><\/p>\n -Patentli \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ya da usul\u00fcn, s\u0131nai(sanayiyle ilgili) ya da ticari olmayan ki\u015fisel kullan\u0131m s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda <\/strong>kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik fiiller,<\/p>\n -Patente konu bulu\u015fla ilgili deneme gayeli <\/strong>fiiller(burada \u00f6nemli olan deneme\/deneylerin bulu\u015fla alakal\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yoksa ba\u015fka bir konunun denenmesi i\u00e7in patent konusu bulu\u015fun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlali kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r.),<\/p>\n -\u0130la\u00e7lar\u0131n ruhsatland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na kadar <\/strong>olan s\u00fcrede ve ruhsatland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada <\/strong>bu ama\u00e7larla yap\u0131lan deneme ama\u00e7l\u0131<\/strong> fiiller de bu kapsamdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n -\u0130la\u00e7 haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve bu do\u011frultuda re\u00e7ete olu\u015fturma ama\u00e7l\u0131<\/strong> fiiller(bu kapsamda ilac\u0131n seri \u00fcretiminde de\u011fil re\u00e7etelendirme a\u015famas\u0131nda olmas\u0131 ve bu fiillerin eczanede ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi \u015fartlar\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.),<\/p>\n -Patente konu bulu\u015fun Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na taraf \u00fclkelerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik fiiller,<\/p>\n – Milletleraras\u0131 Sivil Havac\u0131l\u0131k Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 27. Maddesin kapsam\u0131ndaki fiiller olarak say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Patent hakk\u0131 s\u00fcre bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re SMK madde 101 uyar\u0131nca patentin koruma s\u00fcresi<\/strong> ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Ayr\u0131ca atlamamak gerekir ki patent hakk\u0131 yaln\u0131zca verildi\u011fi \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ge\u00e7erlidir<\/strong>. S\u00f6z konusu patentten do\u011fan haklar\u0131n di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde de korunmas\u0131 milletleraras\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131n veya iki tarafl\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131n bunu sa\u011flay\u0131p sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yine patent hakk\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan di\u011fer bir durum ise patent ba\u015fvurusundan \u00f6nce<\/strong> bulu\u015fu iyi<\/strong> niyetli<\/strong> olarak kullanan kimseleri patent sahibinin engelleme hakk\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Yaln\u0131z s\u00f6z konusu ki\u015filerin kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 makul ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 giderecek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde<\/strong> olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Patent Hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130hlal Edilmesi Durumunda Hangi Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n Yukar\u0131da patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan bahsettik. Patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 bilmek patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilip edilmedi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik tespit i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a gereklidir. Bahsedilen s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyorsa birazdan bahsedece\u011fimiz dava yoluna ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 hem hak kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 engellemek hem de mevcut hak kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/strong> Patent hakk\u0131 ihlal edilen patent sahibinin ba\u015fvuraca\u011f\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli hukuki yollar ise \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n -Patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen kimse bu ihlalin tespit<\/strong> edilmesine y\u00f6nelik talepte bulunabilir. B\u00f6ylece patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin mahkemece tespit edilmesi, bu ihlalin \u00f6nlenmesi, durdurulmas\u0131 ve engellenmesi davalar\u0131nda ispat kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n -Bu do\u011frultuda S\u0131nai M\u00fclkiyet Kanunu 85. Madde uyar\u0131nca patent hakk\u0131 ihlal edilen kimse ihlal olu\u015fturmas\u0131 muhtemel fillin\/fiillerin \u00f6nlenmesi<\/strong>ni talep edebilir.<\/p>\n -Ayr\u0131ca patent sahibi patent hakk\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eden fiilin\/fiillerin durdurulmas\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> talep edebilir.<\/p>\n -Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra patent hakk\u0131 ihlal edilen ki\u015fi bu kapsamda u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddi ve manevi zararlar\u0131n tazminini <\/strong>isteyebilir.<\/p>\n -\u0130hlal olu\u015fturan \u00fcr\u00fcnlere ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan cihazlara el konulmas\u0131n\u0131, toplat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> e\u011fer ihlalin \u00f6nlenmesi bu \u015fekilde m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse imha edilmesini <\/strong>talep edebilir.<\/p>\n -El konulan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin patent hakk\u0131 ihlal edilen ki\u015finin m\u00fclkiyetine ge\u00e7irilmesi<\/strong> de talep edilebilecek haklardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n Say\u0131lan talep ve davalar i\u00e7in g\u00f6revli mahkeme<\/strong> fikri ve s\u0131nai haklar mahkemesidir<\/strong>. Bu mahkemenin kurulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde fikri ve s\u0131nai haklar mahkemesi s\u0131fat\u0131yla asliye hukuk mahkemeleri <\/strong>g\u00f6revlidir.<\/p>\n Patent hakk\u0131 sahibinin, ihlali ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi aleyhine a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 davalarda yetkili mahkeme<\/strong>; ihlali ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren ki\u015finin yerle\u015fim yeri mahkemesi, ihlalin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi yer mahkemesi veya ihlalin etkilerinin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yer mahkemesidir.<\/p>\n Patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlali nedeniyle a\u00e7\u0131labilecek davalarda uygulanacak zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda<\/strong> Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmleri esas al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re s\u00f6z konusu davalar ihlalin \u00f6\u011frenilmesinden sonra 1 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde ve herhalde 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde zamana\u015f\u0131ma u\u011frayacakt\u0131r.<\/strong> Yani \u00f6rne\u011fin ihlal 01.10.2023 tarihinde \u00f6\u011frenildiyse dava 1 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r yoksa kar\u015f\u0131 taraf zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek davan\u0131n reddini talep edebilir. Patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlali devam etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u015flemeyecektir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcm bunlar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda patent hakk\u0131 ihlal edilen ki\u015filerin \u00f6ncelikle ihlalin tespiti talebinde bulunmas\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece ihlal mahkemece tespit edilecek ve ihlal olu\u015fturan fiillerin durdurulmas\u0131, engellenmesi veya ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 eldeki mahkeme tespitiyle daha kolay olacakt\u0131r. Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ihlal nedeniyle u\u011fran\u0131lan zararlar i\u00e7in de tazminat talep edilebilir. Yukar\u0131da bahsedildi\u011fi \u00fczere zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 hususuna da dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n \u00c7itil Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Blog sayfas\u0131nda yer alan hukuk ve di\u011fer konulardaki yaz\u0131lar ilk sizin e-postan\u0131za gelsin isterseniz \u00c7itil Haber B\u00fclteni\u2019ne abone olun!<\/strong><\/p>\n K\u00fcbra Nur SA\u011eDI\u00c7<\/strong><\/p>\n KAYNAK\u00c7A:<\/strong><\/p>\n